某钒钛磁铁矿尾矿资源化利用

承德市某钒钛磁铁矿尾矿钛含量较高,潜在回收价值可观。采用化学分析、XRD衍射分析、粒度分析、矿物解离分析仪(MLA)等手段研究了该尾矿的矿物学特性及钛的赋存状态。在工艺矿物学研究基础上,通过试验研究确立了重选短流程回收钛、选钛尾矿差异化分级利用的综合利用技术工艺,获得含TiO234.60%、回收率53.43%的钛铁矿精矿以及产率66.22%的建筑用商品砂,实现了铁尾矿的资源化综合回收利用,有助于矿山与社会环境和谐发展。     

基于FLUENT的全尾砂充填管道输送模拟试验与分析

以大红山铜矿为实例,运用FLUENT软件对全尾砂管道输送进行数值模拟和分析。在充填料浆力学参数基础上建立了数学模型,分别分析了充填料浆的浓度、流速、管径3个因素对管道输送的影响状况,最后选出最优参数。分析结果与大红山铜矿的实际相符合,同时表明FLUENT软件可以用来模拟计算矿山充填管道输送。模拟试验方法可为其他类似矿山参考借鉴。     

Chemical and Mineral Analysis of Flotation Tailings from Stratiform Copper Ore from Lubin Concentrator Plant (SW Poland)

ABSTRACT

The study involved the chemical and mineralogical analysis of actual tailings production from Lubin Concentrator Plant (KGHM Polska Miedz SA Group). KGHM Polska Miedz SA Group is the world’s leading company that mines and processes sediment-hosted stratiform copper deposits in SW Poland. From the beginning of copper ore mining, the problem of utilization and managing the deposited tailings has been discussed. Annually, all three concentrators produce above 30 million tons of flotation tailings. Lubin Concentrator Plant processes the most complex in upgradeability ore from the other two concentrators. The total loss of copper-bearing minerals in 0.020–0.071 mm size fraction was found to be 52%. The analysis of liberation showed that in fines (–0.020 mm) over 50% of sulfides is released while the amount of totally locked sulfides in the sample constitutes for 65%. The main cause of significant decline in the finest fractions should be attributed to inappropriate flotation time or too low collector dose. Insufficient liberation of sulfides in the coarser fractions can be a reason for the loss of copper in these fractions. The presented results of final tailings confirm the main cause of metal losses in tailings to be very complex mineral properties.     

碱激发铜镍水淬冶炼渣制备充填胶凝材料研究

为研究某铜镍矿产出的铜镍水淬冶炼渣大宗量处置技术,基于铜镍水淬冶炼渣制备充填胶凝材料的可行性和技术工艺,本研究开展了冶炼渣粉磨试验和激光粒度分析、基于冶炼渣的碱激发胶凝材料配比正交试验、充填体试块单轴抗压强度试验、充填体试块及胶凝材料净浆试块SEM测试,结果表明:该铜镍矿冶炼厂产出的铜镍水淬冶炼渣有一定的火山灰活性,但其火山灰活性较低;实验室配制的碱激发剂对该铜镍水淬冶炼渣激发作用不明显;该冶炼渣的最佳粉磨时间为50min,D(0.5)为28μm。在普通硅酸盐水泥为主要胶凝材料的碱性充填料浆中,冶炼渣的掺入引起了钙矾石生成量的增加,随着粉磨冶炼渣粒径的减小,冶炼渣颗粒表面的溶蚀现象越来越明显。     

涡流技术在降低水煤浆燃烧产物中有毒物质的应用

为了在试验台和半工业性试验时,确定水煤浆燃烧过程中释放的气体中有害气体的质量浓度,采用涡流燃烧工艺,对水煤浆燃烧时释放气体的成分进行了试验研究。结果表明:采用涡流燃烧工艺,由于化学不完全燃烧减少,气体释放物中的CO含量随燃烧室温度提高而降低,NOx含量甚至低于标准值。这主要是因为涡流燃烧室燃料燃烧温度相对不高;喷射水煤浆的颗粒在燃烧层停留时间长,可以完全燃烧。该水煤浆燃烧工艺可以减少有害物质向大气的释放。     

Geopolymerization reaction,microstructure and simulation of metakaolin-based geopolymers at extended Si/Al ratios

Metakaolin-based geopolymers were synthesized at Si/Al ratios of 1:1, 1.5:1, 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, and 5:1 by using silica fume as silica corrector to alter Si ratios. The microstructure and strength of these geopolymers were characterized through XRD, SEM, NMR and compressive strength measurements. The dissolving rates of Al and Si species in geopolymerization were measured, and freeze-dried N-A-S-H gel was characterized by FTIR spectra. Modelling and simulation were employed to calculate the binding energy of one Si atom and the total energy of geopolymers formed at various Si/Al ratios. At Si/Al ratio of 2:1, high concentrations of Si and Al species are dissolved from precursors, high contents of Si-O-T linkages are formed and the geopolymer is of high compressive strength. The mechanical strength of geopolymers at various Si/Al ratios is dependent on the formation of N-A-S-H gel, rather than the zeolitic nuclei or silicate derivatives. This study might provide fundamentals for the geopolymerization of mine tailings, which usually possess high Si/Al ratios.     

某铜钼尾矿回收长石的试验研究

福建某铜钼矿尾中K_2O质量分数为5.32%,Na_2O质量分数为2.49%,采用碱法工艺代替传统的酸法工艺进行处理回收长石,工艺流程为反浮选云母—反浮选石英—长石粗精矿磁选除铁。试验最终获得长石精矿中K_2O质量分数为7.48%、总回收率为39.89%,Na_2O质量分数为3.91%、总回收率为43.78%。该长石精矿符合玻璃及玻璃制品、陶瓷、磨料等原料标准。     

A Fifty Cent Rheometer for Waste Management of Environmentally Sensitive Ore Tailings

Abstract

Substantial progress has been made recently toward developing environmentally acceptable disposal strategies in the minerals industry. Typically disposal schemes incorporate a mechanical dewatering stage in which the material is concentrated before disposal. At higher concentrations many particulate suspensions will exhibit a yield stress which is of vital importance to the operation of the disposal scheme. The present paper illustrates how the slump test, previously used for determining the empirical flow properties of fresh concrete, has been adopted as a means for accurately measuring the yield stress. The slump test offers a quick and easy way of measuring yield stress without the need for sophisticated electronic equipment, thereby giving plant operators an effective tool for examining yield stress in the field. A simple theoretical model is briefly described and experimental results performed to validate the model.     

Microstructural,hydraulic conductivity and geochemical changes of drying mature fine oil sand tailings in column experiments

This study offers new insights into two-lift deposition of mature fine tailings under atmospheric drying. The interaction of newly added lift and former lift(s) was evaluated using column experiments in terms of volumetric water content, electrical conductivity (EC), hydraulic conductivity, geochemistry and microstructure. Water content and EC followed the same trend and decreasing of water content appears to be responsible for significant reduction in EC. Evaporation on top of the column reduced the water content to almost zero. The obtained results support the coupling between the hydraulic and chemical processes that should be considered by active operators.